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Trial Report
Trial Number 0(Client Number 104, Project Number 1) |
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Trial Purpose: To compare surfactant levels Date Run: 05/24/99 Experiment Procedure: To compare surfactant levels of a cleaning solution before and after passing through separation equipment (Aqueous Recovery Resources, Inc., Suparator, oil-water seperator) Three titrations were per sample were tested for nonionic surfactant content using Bama Chem Nonionic Surfactant Kit. The general procedure is as follows: 1. ADD APPROXIMATELY 25 ML OF WATER TO MIXING VIAL 2. ADD 8 DROPS OF INDICATOR SOLUTION TO VIAL. COLOR SHOULD BE GREEN. 3. ADD 15 DROPS OF 20% SULFURIC ACID TO VIAL (20 DROPS IF STRONGLY ALKALINE DETERGENTS ARE TESTED) AND SWIRL. COLOR SHOULD NOW BE PURPLE. (CAUTION: HANDLE THIS SOLUTION WITH CARE. IT IS CORROSIVE AND MAY CAUSE BURNS.) 4. ADD 0.5ML OF NONIONIC DETERGENT SOLUTION TO VIAL AND SWIRL, COLOR SHOULD NOW TURN BACK TO GREEN OR YELLOW-GREEN. 5. ADD TITRATING SOLUTION DROPWISE WHILE COUNTING UNTIL THE COLOR CHANGES TO A WINE-RED OR PURPLE. (ABOUT HALFWAY TO THE ENDPOINT THE COLOR WILL BE TAN OR LIGHT BROWN). NOTE THE NUMBER OF DROPS NEEDED AND MULTIPLY BY 0.5 TO GET % BY VOLUME OF NONIONIC DETERGENT. EACH DROP IS EQUIVALENT TO 0.0028 GRAMS OF SURFACTANT. CHOOSE SAMPLE SIZE THAT WILL REQUIRE 10-20 DROPS OF TITRANT FOR BETTER ACCURACY. FOR VERY CONCENTRATED SURFACTANT SOLUTIONS USE A 0.10ML SAMPLE SO AS TO CONSERVE REAGENTS. FOR A 0.10ML SAMPLE USE A FACTOR OF 2.5. FOR WEAKER SOLUTIONS: 1.00ML SAMPLE USE A FACTOR OF 0.25 10.00ML SAMPLE USE A FACTOR OF 0.025 100.00ML SAMPLE USE A FACTOR OF 0.0025 SOME INTERFERENCES - ACID SOLUBLE ANIONIC DETERGENTS CATIONIC DETERGENTS SOME AMINES STRONG OXIDIZERS SUCH AS HYPOCHLORITES, NITRITES, ETC. HIGHLY CONCENTRATED DYES Trial Results When comparing the results of the influent and effluent to the initial clean cleaner, both samples had far less surfactant levels. The two samples
still had noticeable levels of oil in them. From the titration calculations, the effluent had higher amounts of surfactant than the influent. Table
1 lists the average titration levels for the three samples.
Table 1. Surfactant Calculations
Reading Baseline Influent Effluent
1 40.0 3.25 4.25
2 37.5 3.25 4.00
3 42.5 3.50 4.29
Average 40.00 3.33 4.18
The data used to calculate the averages is listed in attached files.
?Data For Calculations
Experimenter Marshall For sample size Factor
Date 5/24/99 Factor Calculation
Client mL f ratio
Client Type Consultant 0.5 0.5 0.25
SCL # 99-6104-01-5 1 0.25 0.25
Test Type Nonionic 10 0.025 0.25
Cleaner Mfr Church & Dwight Co 100 0.0025 0.25
Product Name Armakleen M-Aero “Clean” 2 0.125 0.25
Concentration Used 5 %
Drops Required 16
Sample Size 2 mL
Wt of Surfactant 0.0448 grams
drop * f 2 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 40
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 2
Wt of Surf 0.0448 in Sample
% Surf. 2 in Sample
Total Surf % 4 0 Full strength
“Clean 2”
Concentration Used 5 % For sample size Factor
Drops Required 15 Factor Calculation
Sample Size 2 mL mL f ratio
Wt of Surfactant 0.042 grams 2 0.125 0.25
drop * f 1.875 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 37.5
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 2
Wt of Surf 0.042 in Sample
% Surf. 1.875 in Sample
Total Surf % 37.5 Full strength
“Clean 3”
Concentration Used 5 % For sample size Factor
Drops Required 17 Factor Calculation
Sample Size 2 mL mL f ratio
Wt of Surfactant 0.0476 grams 2 0.125 0.25
drop * f 2.125 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 42.5
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 2
Wt of Surf 0.0476 in Sample
% Surf. 2.125 in Sample
Total Surf % 42.5 Full strength
Experimenter Marshall For sample size Factor
Date 5/24/99 Factor Calculation
Client mL f ratio
Client Type Consultant 0.5 0.5 0.25
SCL # 99-6104-01-5 1 0.25 0.25
Test Type Nonionic 10 0.025 0.25
Cleaner Mfr Church & Dwight Co 100 0.0025 0.25
Product Name Armakleen M-Aero Influent 1 20 0.0125 0.25
Concentration Used 5 %
Drops Required 13
Sample Size 20 mL
Wt of Surfactant 0.0364 grams
drop * f 0.1625 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 3.25
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 20
Wt of Surf 0.0364 in Sample
% Surf. 0.1625 in Sample
Total Surf % 3.25 Full strength
Influent 2
Concentration Used 5 % For sample size Factor
Drops Required 13 Factor Calculation
Sample Size 20 mL mL f ratio
Wt of Surfactant 0.0364 grams 20 0.0125 0.25
drop * f 0.1625 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 3.25
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 20
Wt of Surf 0.0364 in Sample
% Surf. 0.1625 in Sample
Total Surf % 3.25 Full strength
Influent 3
Concentration Used 5 % For sample size Factor
Drops Required 14 Factor Calculation
Sample Size 20 mL mL f ratio
Wt of Surfactant 0.0392 grams 20 0.0125 0.25
drop * f 0.175 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 3.5
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 20
Wt of Surf 0.0392 in Sample
% Surf. 0.175 in Sample
Total Surf % 3.5 Full strength
Experimenter Marshall For sample size Factor
Date 5/24/99 Factor Calculation
Client mL f ratio
Client Type Consultant 0.5 0.5 0.25
SCL # 99-6104-01-5 1 0.25 0.25
Test Type Nonionic 10 0.025 0.25
Cleaner Mfr Church & Dwight Co 100 0.0025 0.25
Product Name Armakleen M-Aero Effluent 1 20 0.0125 0.25
Concentration Used 5 %
Drops Required 17
Sample Size 20 mL
Wt of Surfactant 0.0476 grams
drop * f 0.2125 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 4.25
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 20
Wt of Surf 0.0476 in Sample
% Surf. 0.2125 in Sample
Total Surf % 4.25 Full strength
Effluent 2
Concentration Used 5 % For sample size Factor
Drops Required 9 *less than 10 drops Factor Calculation
Sample Size 15 mL mL f ratio
Wt of Surfactant 0.0252 grams 15 0.016667 0.25
drop * f 0.15 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 3
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 15
Wt of Surf 0.0252 in Sample
% Surf. 0.15 in Sample
Total Surf % 3 Full strength
Effluent 3
Concentration Used 5 %
Drops Required 14 For sample size Factor
Sample Size 17.5 mL Factor Calculation
Wt of Surfactant 0.0392 grams mL f ratio
drop * f 0.2 % by vol nonionic surfactant 17.5 0.014286 0.25
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 4
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 17.5
Wt of Surf 0.0392 in Sample
% Surf. 0.2 in Sample
Total Surf % 4 Full strength
Effluent 4
Concentration Used 5 % For sample size Factor
Drops Required 15 Factor Calculation
Sample Size 17.5 mL mL f ratio
Wt of Surfactant 0.042 grams 17.5 0.014286 0.25
drop * f 0.214286 % by volume of nonionic surfactant
Dilution correction 20
Total Surfactant 4.285714
Mfr Church & Dwight Co
Product Armakleen M-Aero
Conc. % 5
Volume 17.5
Wt of Surf 0.042 in Sample
% Surf. 0.214286 in Sample
Total Surf % 4.285714 Full strengthSuccess Rating A cleanliness study, addressing only various analytical techniques. Conclusion After titrating the samples provided, the Suparator appears to not decrease the surfactant concentrations. Effluent surfactant levels were found to be slightly higher than the influent levels, but both were far less than the original amounts. |