Prep: 5x5 inch white cotton and blue polyester fabric swatches were used for testing. Each fabric swatch was measured for reflectance with a colorimeter 5 times in 3 separate areas (0.5x0.5) where the fabric would eventually be stained. The three areas were treated as individual coupons. The 5 measurements for each area were averaged together and used as the representative measurements of the specified area/coupon. Each area was stained with the correct soil type and left to air dry for 24 hours. Colorimeter measurements of each stain were then recorded.
Washing procedure: The fabric swatches were washed in a washing machine with 45 mL of Liquid Laundry Detergent and 6.5 gallons of water on a normal washing cycle set for a medium load. The water used has a water hardness level of 63 PPM mg/L. The washing cycle consisted of a wash step (~12 mins), a rinse step (~14 mins), and a spin step (~5 mins). Half of the fabric swatches were washed unheated with a temperature range of 60F-85F, while the other half was washed heated with a temperature range of 105F-125F. The fabric swatches were dried in the drying machine on a heated gentle/tumble setting for 30 mins. After drying, the colorimeter was used to re measure the 3 staining areas on each fabric swatch.
Analysis:
Detergency: Unadjusted measure of the percentage the cleaned fabric was returned to its original state (uses only L values/measures of lightness)
% Detergency= 100X((Lclean-Ldirty)/(Linitial-Ldirty))
Where:
L=reflectance (0 black - 100 White)
Reformulation 1 was able to pass the comparison criteria across all stains, fabric types, and temperatures. Reformulation 2 was not able to pass the comparison criteria for Blood/Milk/Ink stain on cotton or grass stains on both cotton and polyester. These fails were consistent when the testing was repeated for these stains and fabric combinations. Reformulation 1 is the best option for a lower cost reformulation.