One coupon was coated with each of the six supplied inks. These included Dykem Stop Off, Markal Valve Action Paint marker, Nu-Mark marker, Sharpie permanent marker, Sakura Coatings Product Company Solid Marker and the Avery Marks-A-Lot permanent marker (black). Once dry, coupons were cleaned using a handheld swab that was immersed into the cleaning product. Cleaning lasted for up to 1 minute. Following the cleaning, the coupons was wiped dry for 5 seconds. Observations were made and recorded.