Human Health and Environmental Concerns with Disinfection/Sterilization Substances: Disinfection and sterilization substances, such as alcohols, glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, iodophors, ortho-phthalaldehyde, peracetic acid, phenolics, quaternary ammonium compounds, and chlorine, are essential in healthcare facilities to control infections. However, they present several toxicological, environmental, and occupational concerns. For example, improper use or disposal can lead to environmental contamination, and these substances can release hazardous materials like harmful gases and microorganisms into the environment. Such pollutants can enter the human body through inhalation, adsorption, or ingestion, potentially causing respiratory ailments, strokes, lung cancer, heart disorders, and increased human death rates. The magnitude of these concerns is significant, as they directly impact public health and the environment​.